Word: cynical (adjective)

Associations

The word "cynical" describes a person’s attitude when they believe that people are mostly motivated by self-interest and that others are not sincere or honest.

• He gave a cynical smile when he heard the politician’s promises. This means he didn't trust the promises.
• She has a cynical view of the world, thinking that most people only care about themselves.
• The movie shows a cynical character who always expects the worst from others.

Synonym: "skeptical" is similar but focuses more on doubting or questioning something’s truth, while "cynical" often implies a negative belief about people's motives or honesty.

Substitution

Other words you can use instead of "cynical" depending on the context:

• Skeptical – more about doubting facts or claims.
• Pessimistic – expecting bad outcomes in general.
• Distrustful – lacking trust in others. Using "skeptical" might mean you question a fact, but "cynical" means you think people are selfish or dishonest.

Deconstruction

Root: From Greek "kynikos," meaning "dog-like," because ancient Cynics were known for their sharp, critical attitudes. Prefix: None. Suffix: "-ical" means "related to" or "characteristic of." So "cynical" means having the characteristics of a cynic—someone who doubts people's goodness.

Inquiry

• Can you think of a time when you felt cynical about someone’s actions? Why?
• How is being cynical different from just being careful or cautious?
• Do you think being cynical is always bad, or can it sometimes help protect you? Why?